How Does Personality Affect Our Personality - 1481 Words

Personality is something that is probably to change throughout the years, as a person progresses through life, particular life events, and the environment help shape such personalities. Most traits are to remain steady throughout a person life-span, and others are more likely to change. Different periods in life might also shape what our personality is like, but as people grow their character is more likely to set and become less varied. The things that might have mattered as a child have no longer significance as a teenager, and later on can become almost as insignificant as we become adults. The IPIP-NEO Narrative Report estimates the Five broad personalities domains of the Five-Factor Model including Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness. These general personalities domains are then broken down to subdomains to have more detailed descriptions of what each domain entitles. The results are based on extensive scientific personality measurements, an d each person gets graded based on the result of 120 questions. Although the answers might seem general, the estimates can be compared to a person based on their answers. Life events might have the greatest effect on how our personality shapes up, the argument of nature – nurture might also come to have an impact on how we respond to events that shape our personality. Some people might have grown in a more peaceful environment but might come to find their temperaments are not friendly, on theShow MoreRelatedDoes Personality Correlate With Subjective Well-Being?1345 Words   |  6 Pagesagree that having an easy-going personality will contribute to the overall well-being of the individual. Certain personality traits have an effect on the individual well-being. Individuals showing improvements in those traits, over time, will often show comparable enhancement to their well-being. Subjective well-being refers to how an individual evaluates the quality of their life. In simple words, subjective well-being is how well an individual thinks and feels of how well their life is going. SubjectiveRead MoreThe Field Of Personality Development1337 Words à ‚  |  6 PagesAbstract The way we walk, to the way we talk. How we reason, and how we act, all depend on our personality. Personality development is relevant to adolescent development because the two go hand in hand. With development comes development of who someone is, their personality. In this paper I will look deeper into the genetics behind personality development, as well as the environmental aspect. I will relate personality development to aspects of learning discussed in the course material. I willRead MoreThe Four Body Types Of William H. Sheldon s Somatotyping966 Words   |  4 Pagestoo muscular, or too thin. Sheldon believed mesomorphs were most likely to be delinquents. 2.  What personality types did Hans J. Eysenck believe were related to crime? Describe each personality type and discuss why Eysenck believed that these types were associated with crime. Hans Eysenck believed that psychoticism, extroverts, and neuroticism are related to crime. Psychoticism personalities are antisocial and have a lack of sympathy. Neuroticism is characterized by moodiness, shyness, and irritabilityRead MoreGordon Allport, Cattell, And Costa And Mcraes Five Factor Model1180 Words   |  5 PagesPersonality is important as it expresses who we are and the way in which we communicate with our surroundings. There are multiple theories to personality and some of which are very influential by Gordon Allport, Raymond Cattell, Hans Eysenck and Costa and McRae’s Five-Factor Model (also known as the Big 5). A significant psychologist, Sigmund Freud argues that most personality is fixed from around five years old and many psychologists agree with him today. Numerous people want to change their personalityRead MorePsychology, Existential And Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1727 Words   |  7 Pagesmislabeling in one’s automatic thought patterns (C orey, 2013). PART 1 - Human nature: Are people essentially good, evil, or neutral? How much of personality is inborn or determined by biological and/or other innate factors? Are there inborn drives, motives, tendencies, or other psychological or behavioral characteristics that all human beings have in common? How much of a person’s individuality is determined by heredity or other innate factors? I believe people are essentially good with evil tendenciesRead MoreHow Personality Changes Within Adulthood1227 Words   |  5 PagesPersonality is something that has unique motivations that, describes thoughts and behaviors that can be observed by an individual. In the past, changes in personality were only thought to happen in the developmental stages in childhood up to adulthood. Personality psychology is the scientific study of the whole person. After childhood or adolescent, personality can be seen changing through adulthood (p. McAdams 2008). Therefore, a recent study show how personalities do change in adulthood, duringRead MoreHow Personality Changes Within Adulthood1227 Words   |  5 PagesPersonality is something that has unique motivations that, describes thoughts and behaviors that can be observed by an individual. In the past, changes in personality were only thought to happen in the developmental stages in childhood up to adulthood. Personality psychology is the scie ntific study of the whole person. After childhood or adolescent, personality can be seen changing through adulthood (p. McAdams 2008). Therefore, a recent study show how personalities do change in adulthood, duringRead MoreThe, Nature Or Nurture? Essay1402 Words   |  6 Pagesbut there have been many studies and new information that explain just how and why each of these are important in personality development. After researching about this topic it is clear that when it comes to personality development, new studies have proven that while Nature does have some affect on one’s disposition, Nurture by far has a greater effect on the development of one’s personality. While many believe that personality is already developed before birth, this statement is proven to be falseRead MoreMyers and Briggs Personality Tests Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagesgrouped together in order to determine the personalities of those taking this test. This particular test can result in sixteen different outcomes or types of personalities, which is determined by four different categories that judge if you are introverted or extroverted, use your senses or your intuition, your choice to think or use your feelings, and finally if you are judgmental or perceptive. These series of questions are designed to judge our personalities and help us to determine which career pathwaysRead MoreUse Of Neuroticism On Self Esteem1553 Words   |  7 PagesThe Affect that the Manipulation of Neuroticism has on Self-Esteem. Life Satisfaction is rapidly becoming a greater issue that is being researched and tested in countries all over the world. Positive levels of life satisfaction is associated with positive personal, psychological, and social predictors considered in both the future and the present. (Marcionetti Rossier). Positive life satisfaction can be a predictor for higher levels of self-esteem, greater knowledge of oneself, and a strong correlation

Taking a Look at the Bangladesh Genocides - 686 Words

The Bangladesh Genocides is remembered as the most concentrated genocide of the 20th century, however it is an astonishing act of overlooking. In an attempt to crush forces seeking independence for East Pakistan, the West Pakistani military regime unleashed an efficient campaign of mass murder which aimed at killing millions of Bengalis, and succeeded in doing so. For the bloodbath in March-December 1971 - when the Pakistani army executed a largely unarmed Bengali population in the then vital part of Pakistan’s state known as â€Å"East Pakistan†, in an effort to suppress the region’s demand for independence - was at the time the biggest story in the world’s media. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Before 1971, Bangladesh was divided into two regions; both with opposing political power. Although East Pakistan (Bangladesh) withheld the larger population between the two provinces, it acquired much less political dominance than West Pakistan. Through the power and representation of leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, East Pakistan rebelled. Rahman, leader of political party ‘The Awami League’ demanded more powers both politically and economically. This struggle finally cumulated into the war of independence for East Pakistan. CAUSE OF THE GENOCIDE In the 1971 national elections, The Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, had a major success, winning 160 seats as well as majority of the national assembly. Rahman demanded independence for East Pakistan, as well as the right to form a government.Show MoreRelatedAssess the view that the process of globalization has led to changes in both the amount of crime and the types of crime committed1207 Words   |  5 Pagescommit. On the surface we may deem this to be due to knowledge of certain crimes and processes being shared between associates in each country, introducing the new ways and means to try and gain the upper hand on the out of touch police, however we must look at the situation in more business like terms: supply and demand. Held et al found that the western civilizations generally had more demand for certain aspects of crime, such as drugs and illegal sexual encounters. Not being able to produce enough withinRead MoreThe State Centric Construction Of The Internationa l Politics3219 Words   |  13 Pagesthe evolutionary nature of the concept. Firstly, the paper presents the often neglected untold circumstances of the Indian subcontinent in the cold war, when India invaded East Pakistan (present day Bangladesh) in 1971 against the West Pakistan military forces who were conducting a â€Å"Selective Genocide† in East Pakistan. The intervention by India was not authorized by the United Nation Security Council (UNSC) chiefly for two reasons: firstly, the cold war politics impeded the UNSC members to reachRead MoreWorking Women in Family and Its Positive Negative Sides3880 Words   |  16 Pagesits Positive Negative Sides Dreams Islam Md. Aminul 07-09452-3 Hasan Jahid 08-10778-1 Muntaha, Sidratul 07-08972-2 Bhuiyan md.Jobayer uddin 08-10130-1 American International University- Bangladesh 15th December, 2009 Acknowledgements This is our humble attempt to present gratitude in writing this â€Å"Report.† We have truly drowned upon our own experience as a student of B.B.A. We have also received help from number of persons in preparationRead MoreWorld Literature Paper1946 Words   |  8 Pagesguaranteed for comfort and safety. The feelings of relief and separation of the outside world given by home is what makes it personal to each individual. In A Child who Returned from There Told Us by Dilawar Karadaghi, the setting was taking place after the genocide massacre in Iraq during the 1990s, leaving â€Å"nothing but darkness† (Karadaghi 38). The poet underlines the mourning of a child being stripped of his home through meaningful use of diction. Karadaghi describes what home is perceived throughRead MoreChild Soldiers Long and Short Term Effects4806 Words   |  20 Pagesrehabilitation of child soldiers in Sudan where SOS is providing counselling, family-tracing, education and support for forme r child soldiers. We are also able to look back from long experience at the issue of child soldiers. Ten years after the massacre in Rwanda, we are working to rebuild lives. Nine members of our community were murdered in the genocide there. Another, who was forced to became a child soldier and join the conflict, only to lose a leg to a land-mine, is interviewed on our Rwanda page. â€Å"WarRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesusual focus on the two superpowers INTRODUCTION †¢ 7 to look at â€Å"nuclear politics,† which encompasses both state initiatives and popular dissent, in former but diminished national great powers such as France and Great Britain and in emerging and aspiring high-tech states of very different sorts in Israel, India, and China. Equally impressive in terms of the global range of questions they include, Hecht and Edwards look at the impact of the nuclear nations’ quest for viable, stable sources

Greater Access to the Internet Has Enabled Buyers Free Essays

Greater access to the internet has enabled buyers to search more easily for information about potential suppliers of goods and services. This has significantly affected many industries, such as insurance, banking, retailing and travel. To what extent do you think that increased internet usage inevitably reduces producers’ profits? Justify your answer with reference to organizations and/or industries that you know. We will write a custom essay sample on Greater Access to the Internet Has Enabled Buyers or any similar topic only for you Order Now Over the past decade, Shopping on the internet has skyrocketed with internet sales reaching almost ? 0 billion in 2012, which accounts to almost 10% of total sales in the UK. This is due to the increased possession of Internet devices such as: smartphones, laptops and computers. It has become much easier and simpler for consumers to buy products online using these devices. Increased internet security has also increased demand for online shopping due to customers being confident in undergoing an online transaction. Another advantage of selling items on the internet is that it gives you the opportunity to advertise your or another companies products. Over 80% of the British population uses the internet regularly which opens up a massive market for advertising and for companies to show their products to users of the internet. However, results in increased internet usage have resulted in the decreased need for physical advertising such as: books, magazines and newspapers which have begun to prove more ineffective in advertising products. For example, a double paged spread in a popular newspaper can exceed costs of ? 10,000 while costs of advertising on a high traffic website may only cost ? 200 a month. Jessops has recently entered administration and is a perfect example as to how increased internet usage can reduce profits for some firms. Its target market was camera lovers, which prints out photos, sells cameras and a large number of accessories. Despite being an online retailer, Jessops failed to compete with the low prices of Amazon, Curry’s and other online competitors. The internet has an endless supply of products such as cameras at a very competitive price. Some products would not be sold in Jessops but would be sold online resulting in losses of potential revenue for Jessops. Another market which has slowly died is the demand for printing of photos, due to social media websites such as Twitter and Facebook people don’t need to share their photos in a physical format and are capable of simply sending the picture via these social websites. In this case of selling products it was a massive drawback for Jessops but turned out to be an advantage for competitors such as Amazon. The increased number of internet users leads to benefits for Amazon who thrive off increased internet usage due to consumers finding it a cheaper alternative to Jessops. The internet can also be a good source of primary market research which enables firms such as Amazon to analyze prices of different websites. This would give the opportunity for Amazon to perhaps reduce prices or introduce offers which would help them sell more products. I believe it is entirely up to the company, this kind of competition would perhaps not effect Amazon due to their size in the market and their reliability where customers instantly visit Amazon knowing they will be given a fair price and receive their purchased item quickly. However, it did affect Jessops who failed to respond to demand and lower prices resulting in there imminent administration. I don’t believe that the increased usage of the internet reduces profits as some firms can be incredibly profitable off of this. With the current state of the economy, people who are in need of high quality clothing have tended to move further away from worldwide brands such as: Gucci, DG and Louis Vuitton and have moved closer to the retail shop Zara. Zara has blossomed over the past few years, both online and in the high street due to increased internet usage and there quick response to demand. It is primarily down to the type of business and the level of competitiveness they possess. A large number of fashion companies are not focused on their usage of the internet and rely on customers purchasing these products physically from their shop which can be a major drawback in their market as they can’t expand their popularity to the larger target market found online. From the examples supplied I do not believe the increased usage of the internet will reduce producers’ profits as it will be down to the nature of the product and other related reasons. Reaction to change online will affect the companies chances of success in the current economic climate however. The internet can provide an endless number of benefits for companies such as: easy shopping, safe transactions and more straightforward searches. The internet has proven to be more successful for companies such as Zara having a massive profit increase of 43% simply after the re-designing of their websiote making it simpler for the inline internet shopper. Although a company like Zara could earn an incredible amount from online sales this leads to high street stores failing due to the loss in numbers of customers. How to cite Greater Access to the Internet Has Enabled Buyers, Essay examples

Business Statistics Impact on Social Economy

Question: Describe about the Business Statistics for Impact on Social Economy. Answer: Introduction As stated by Bradley et al. (2015) Australian women are the most empowered across the globe topped a list of 128 countries for women's access to education, anti-discrimination policies, childcare and equal pay. They also have a profound impact on the Australian economy. However, the condition was not the same in the previous time as well and even in recent times they are still being paid 17 per cent less than men (Kingsley et al. 2013). They have many official restrictions and family barrier that diminished their growth in the society. According to the 2012 statistics, there are approximately 300,000 Indigenous femalesliving in Australia that is 2.5% of the total female population across the country (Abs.gov.au 2016). Image 1: Indigenous women in Australia (Source: Abs.gov.au 2016) Moreover, there are other factors also affecting the health of Australian indigenous women. Thus, the topic on which the entire literature review is based on is the factor that affects that health of aboriginal women in Australia. Factor that affect health condition of Aboriginal women in Australia Domestic Violence Owen and Carrington (2015) portrays that domestic violence and rape in marriage have now become common in Australia. Male dominating people treat their wife like maids and under half a million Australian womenreported their experience towards physical or sexual violence or sexual assault. Spangaro et al. (2016) also highlights that since the age of 15, one in five Australian women face sexual violence and in 36% of the cases, the physical abuse and violence are experienced from the family members that affects their health adversely. However, Australia government supports those victims to get a better life and provide them the opportunity for their betterment. Family Law Act 1975and Family Violence Protection Act 2008 were implemented to save those women against the domestic violence which is further supported by The National Council's Plan to Reduce Violence against Women and their Children 2009-2021 (Legislation.vic.gov.au 2016). Lack of education Education plays a crucial role in maintain the proper health as this make them aware of the required nutrients according to their age and ability. Owen and Carrington (2015) depict that due to family low income in rural area, indigenous women do not complete their schooling and hence there is a huge gap remains in their acquired knowledge with respect to the non-indigenous women. Image 2: Australian female school retention until year 12 in 2014 (Source: Abs.gov.au 2016) Gausia et al. (2013) states that 20% of Indigenous females possess a post-school qualification that is 37% in case of non-indigenous women, that results in low employment rate amongst them like 16% of Indigenous females are employed. This employment rate affects their income and a huge portion of that spent in fulfilling family demands that leads to un-fulfilment of theirs demand and a risk for mental dissatisfaction rises that also affect their health. Physical violence in socioeconomic and cultural groups OBrien et al. (2013) state that that with culture refers to attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors the society possess towards a particular person or field. In this context, the perception values behavior and believe for women in the Australian culture and the society is highlighted. The majority of the social people have the perception that women group is inferior to men and in some rural region girls and women have to face difficulty in education, workplace and even in the family for their gender. Bugeja et al. (2013) also depicts that even in the cultural events men often harass women and discriminated them on the basis of their gender. Their wellbeing aspect can be seen by the initiatives of the government through the commonwealth funding, local statutory office to monitor and inform the development of the womens position in the society and availability of independent advocacy organizations and representatives supported by Personal Safety Survey 2012(2013) (Abs.gov.au 2016). Reproductive choice One of the most crucial aspects on which the women of the society are judged is the ability to become a mother. Ireland et al. (2015) depicts that in traditional days they there is very less information regarding contraceptive knowledge and thus some of the women opt for an abortion of the babies that adversely affect their health of the women. However, in recent times every women are allowed to obtain the knowledge regarding the contraceptive medication through which they do have to make a family plan without prior scheduling and as a result, it easier for women to live independent without being in the event of falling pregnant and opting for abortion. Health of aboriginal women due to birth MacDonald and Charlesworth (2013) depict that in the year the birth rate of the Australia was 1.88 per women which decreases to the rate of 1.80 in the year 2014. In case of the indigenous women, there is a lack of knowledge for the basic medication procedures, which will help them for a successful and painless delivery. As a result, these women can be affected from numerous diseases like Asthma, diabetes, eating disorders, high blood pressure and HIV. Ireland et al. (2015) also depicts that this lack of knowledge will not only affects their health but it will affect the baby, which leads to the complications during delivery. In extreme case, some aboriginal women also lose their life. Moreover, Bradley et al. (2015) also depicts that some indigenous women also feel depression during pregnancy for getting less support from family and thoughts of harming self or baby. Treatment for life-threatening disease Valeggia and Snodgrass (2015) highlighted the fact that a women body is more prone to health related issues and 15,934 females in the year 2015 are suffered from breast cancer and it is forecasted that 6.5% of all deaths from cancer will occur in 2016 (canceraustralia.gov.au 2016). Moreover, and more of the women are suffering from Gynaecological Cancers like Ovarian cancer, Cervical cancer Vulval cancer and Vaginal cancer and provide national leadership in cancer control and offer scientific improvements to cancer prevention, treatment and care to women through Cancer Australia Act 2006 (canceraustralia.gov.au 2016 and Legislation.gov.au 2016). The government of Australia also passed some regulation not only for young women and mothers from disease but they also have legislations for aged women through Australian Immunisation Register Act 2015 and Australian Aged Care Quality Agency Act 2013 respectively (Health.gov.au 2016). Analysis of their Mental Health According to the statistics of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, it is found that every indigenous people in Australia have to undergo with The National Mental Health Plan 2003-2008 where the factors for good emotional wellbeing is evaluated especially for women (Aihw.gov.au 2016). McNair and Bush (2016) further, adds that due to violence from the teenage age most of the women get suffered from mental trauma and some families often refuse to provide shelter to these mentally retarded girls and women. As a result, numerous NGO and help centres are inaugurated where these people are provided development programs and training according to their ability so that they can found an occupation for their advance. These NGO are funded by leading organization and Australian Government. Austen and Ong (2013) depicts hat this not only helps to enhance the situation of the mentally challenged women but it also develops the corporate social responsibility of an organization in the soc iety. Ageism There is a huge population of the elderly people in Australia and over 455,400people in Australia belong to this group. It is expected by the research that this percentage will be increased by 110% until 2023 (Abs.gov.au 2016). Moreover, Chzhen et al. (2013) depicts that among those statistical data 40% are indigenous women, who worked in the home and as women in rural areas lacks education, they are less likely to get a job during their adolescence and thus do not get pension. In addition to that, McNair and Bush (2016) depicts that the percentage of Australian indigenous women, who rated their health poor increased with age. This poor health may be caused form the domestic violence, burden of family responsibilities and lack of proper nutrition that results in the death of these women with the increasing age. It can be observes from the research done by Spangaro et al. (2016), that aged women of 65-84 years of age suffers more from endocrine-related disorders, cancer and other tumo urs, respiratory system diseases and cardiovascular disease and those of 85+ age also facing difficulty from Mental disorders. In every case the death cause by these disease are more than 10% and the rate is high for cardiovascular disease which exceeded to 48.6% (Health.gov.au 2016). Image 3: Causes of death for elderly people (Source: Health.gov.au 2016) Summary Thus, it can be seen that there are some factors through which it can be measured that women are mentally fit and happy. Some of the factors are their ability to adapt to change and act accordingly effectively. Moreover, the conditions of women are not the same in the conventional time compared to today. The health of these indigenous women also depends on their feeling of completeness and contentment and successfully manages the family responsibility. The health experts also emphasizes on the factor that whether they develop a feeling of self-confidence and positive self-esteem and come up with innovative ideas to make themselves happy. This can be measured by the offering of appropriate education, suitable designation, salary and respect from their family members so that they can aware of the required items for them to develop a good health. Reference List Abs.gov.au., 2016. Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Government. [online] Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ [Accessed 6 Sep. 2016]. Aihw.gov.au., 2016. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. [online] Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/ [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. Austen, S. and Ong, R., 2013. The effects of ill health and informal care roles on the employment retention of mid-life women: Does the workplace matter?. Journal of Industrial Relations, 55(5), pp.663-680. Bradley, P., Dunn, S., Lowell, A. and Nagel, T., 2015. Acute mental health service delivery to Indigenous women: What is known?. International journal of mental health nursing, 24(6), pp.471-477. Bugeja, L., Butler, A., Buxton, E., Ehrat, H., Hayes, M., McIntyre, S.J. and Walsh, C., 2013. The implementation of domestic violence death reviews in Australia. Homicide studies, 17(4), pp.353-374. canceraustralia.gov.au. (2016). canceraustralia.gov.au. [online] Available at: https://canceraustralia.gov.au/affected-cancer/cancer-types/breast-cancer/breast-cancer-statistics [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. Chzhen, Y., Mumford, K. and Nicodemo, C., 2013. The Gender Pay Gap in the Australian Private Sector: Is Selection Relevant Across the Earnings Distribution?. Economic Record, 89(286), pp.367-381. Gausia, K., Thompson, S., Nagel, T., Rumbold, A., Connors, C., Matthews, V., Boyle, J., Schierhout, G. and Bailie, R., 2013. Antenatal emotional wellbeing screening in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary health care services in Australia. Contemporary nurse, 46(1), pp.73-82. Health.gov.au., 2016. Department of Health | Major health issues faced by Australian women. [online] Available at: https://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/womens-health-policy-toc~womens-health-policy-key~womens-health-policy-key-major [Accessed 6 Sep. 2016]. Ireland, S., Narjic, C.W., Belton, S., Saggers, S. and McGrath, A., 2015. Jumping around: exploring young women's behaviour and knowledge in relation to sexual health in a remote Aboriginal Australian community.Culture, health sexuality, 17(1), pp.1-16. Kingsley, J., Townsend, M., Henderson-Wilson, C. and Bolam, B., 2013. Developing an exploratory framework linking Australian Aboriginal peoples connection to country and concepts of wellbeing. International journal of environmental research and public health, 10(2), pp.678-698. Legislation.gov.au., 2016. Cancer Australia Act 2006. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2006A00035 [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. MacDonald, F. and Charlesworth, S., 2013. Equal pay under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth): mainstreamed or marginalised. UNSWLJ, 36, p.563. McNair, R.P. and Bush, R., 2016. Mental health help seeking patterns and associations among Australian same sex attracted women, trans and gender diverse people: a survey-based study. BMC psychiatry, 16(1), p.209. OBrien, K.L., Cohen, L., Pooley, J.A. and Taylor, M.F., 2013. Lifting the domestic violence cloak of silence: Resilient Australian womens reflected memories of their childhood experiences of witnessing domestic violence.Journal of Family Violence, 28(1), pp.95-108. Owen, S. and Carrington, K., 2015. Domestic violence (DV) service provision and the architecture of rural life: an Australian case study. Journal of Rural Studies, 39, pp.229-238. Spangaro, J., Herring, S., Koziol-Mclain, J., Rutherford, A., Frail, M.A. and Zwi, A.B., 2016. They aren't really black fellas but they are easy to talk to: Factors which influence Australian Aboriginal women's decision to disclose intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Midwifery, 41, pp.79-88. Valeggia, C.R. and Snodgrass, J.J., 2015. Health of indigenous peoples.Annual Review of Anthropology, 44, pp.117-135.